NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for phagocytizing pathogens?

1. Eosinophils

2. Lymphocytes

3. Neutrophils

4. Monocytes

The correct answer is: Neutrophils

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune system, particularly known for their ability to phagocytize (engulf and digest) pathogens such as bacteria and fungi. They are one of the first responders to sites of infection or inflammation, rapidly arriving at the site and contributing to the body's defense mechanism. Phagocytosis involves the neutrophils surrounding and ingesting the pathogens, leading to their destruction. This action is essential for controlling infections and is a key characteristic of the innate immune response that provides immediate defense against invading microorganisms. While other types of white blood cells, like monocytes, also have phagocytic capabilities, neutrophils are typically the most prevalent and are often the first cells to respond during an acute inflammatory response. Therefore, their prominence in the process of phagocytizing pathogens solidifies their importance in the immune response.