NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

Which of the following abbreviations on a patient's chart would be most important if a patient asked a phlebotomist for a drink of water?

1. TPR.

2. PRN.

3. OP.

4. NPO.

The correct answer is: NPO.

The abbreviation that is most crucial in this context is "NPO," which stands for "nothing by mouth." This instruction indicates that the patient should not consume any food or liquids for a specific period of time, usually prior to a medical procedure or surgery. If a patient is noted as NPO on their chart and requests a drink of water, it is essential for the phlebotomist to adhere to this guideline to ensure the patient's safety and well-being, as consuming water might interfere with planned medical interventions. The other abbreviations, while important in different contexts, do not directly relate to a patient's ability to consume food or beverages. "TPR" refers to temperature, pulse, and respiration, which are vital signs but do not pertain to dietary restrictions. "PRN" means “as needed,” indicating that something may be administered when necessary, but it does not specify restrictions on intake. "OP" typically stands for “oral pills,” which also does not address the question of drinking water. Hence, understanding these distinctions emphasizes the importance of monitoring patient intake based on their specific medical orders.