NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

When performing a venipuncture, what should be the first action?

1. Apply the tourniquet

2. Clean the site with an antiseptic

3. Introduce the needle into the vein

4. Position the patient's arm for comfort

The correct answer is: Apply the tourniquet

The first action when performing a venipuncture is to apply the tourniquet. This practice is essential as it helps engorge the veins with blood, making them more prominent and easier to access. By applying the tourniquet, the phlebotomist can identify a suitable vein for puncture, enhancing visibility and palpability. Once the vein is adequately distended, the subsequent steps, such as cleaning the site with an antiseptic, can be carried out effectively. Positioning the patient’s arm for comfort is also important but occurs before the tourniquet is applied to ensure the patient is relaxed and minimizes movement during the procedure. Introducing the needle comes last, following the initial steps of proper preparation, including locating the vein and cleaning the site. Thus, applying the tourniquet is the critical first step in preparing for venipuncture.