NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

When a phlebotomist observes a hematoma forming at a venipuncture site, what action should be taken?

1. Continue with the blood draw

2. Apply pressure to the site and complete the draw

3. Release the tourniquet and stop the draw

4. Ice the area before drawing blood

The correct answer is: Release the tourniquet and stop the draw

When a phlebotomist observes a hematoma forming at a venipuncture site, the appropriate action is to release the tourniquet and stop the draw. This is essential for several reasons. Firstly, a hematoma indicates that blood has leaked out of the blood vessel and into the surrounding tissue, which can be a sign that the phlebotomist has either punctured through the vein or that the vessel is insufficiently anchored. Continuing with the blood draw in this scenario could exacerbate the situation, potentially leading to further bleeding and complications for the patient. Secondly, releasing the tourniquet is crucial as it alleviates the pressure applied to the arm, allowing for normal blood flow and reducing the risk of further injury. Stopping the procedure also provides an opportunity for the phlebotomist to assess the site and address any issues, such as applying pressure to minimize blood loss and prepare for a new puncture if necessary. In summary, when a hematoma is noted, prioritizing patient safety by stopping the procedure and managing the site is vital in phlebotomy practice.