NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

What is a common complication that can arise from improper venipuncture technique?

1. Hemoconcentration.

2. Infection.

3. Hematoma.

4. All of the above.

The correct answer is: All of the above.

Inserting a needle for venipuncture, while a routine procedure, carries certain risks if not performed correctly. One common complication is hemoconcentration, which occurs when the blood sample drawn has an altered concentration of components due to a prolonged application of a tourniquet before the draw. This can skew laboratory results. Infection can also be a significant concern during venipuncture. If the site is not adequately cleaned or if sterile techniques are not followed, pathogens can be introduced into the bloodstream. This can lead to localized infections at the puncture site or more systemic infections. Additionally, hematoma formation is another complication that can arise. A hematoma occurs when blood leaks from the vein into the surrounding tissue, often as a result of the needle puncturing through the vein or not applying adequate pressure after withdrawing the needle. Considering these factors, the correct answer includes all the listed complications as they are all potential outcomes of improper venipuncture technique. Each can pose serious risks to patient safety and the accuracy of test results, emphasizing the importance of proper training and technique in phlebotomy.