NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

What does the physical examination of urine NOT include reports on?

1. Color and appearance

2. Clarity and foam color

3. Odor and turbidity

4. pH level

The correct answer is: pH level

The physical examination of urine primarily focuses on observable characteristics such as color, clarity, turbidity, and odor. Each of these aspects provides valuable information about the urine's composition and can indicate various health conditions. Color and appearance allow for initial assessments of hydration status and potential presence of certain substances. Clarity and foam color help to identify potential issues, such as the presence of protein or other compounds. Odor can give clues about metabolic processes or infections, while turbidity refers to how cloudy urine may appear due to sediment, which can also suggest health concerns. The pH level, on the other hand, measures the acidity or alkalinity of urine and is typically assessed through chemical analysis rather than as part of the physical examination. While pH is important in understanding urine composition and can provide insights into metabolic or renal function, it does not fall under the direct observations made during the physical examination.