NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

What does the appearance of small red spots below a tourniquet indicate?

1. Hematoma formation

2. Venipuncture failure

3. Petechiae

4. Inadequate blood flow

The correct answer is: Petechiae

The appearance of small red spots below a tourniquet indicates petechiae, which are tiny, pinpoint red or purple spots that occur when small blood vessels, called capillaries, burst and bleed under the skin. When a tourniquet is applied, it restricts blood flow, leading to an increase in pressure within the veins. In some individuals, this pressure can cause capillary rupture, resulting in petechiae. Recognizing this sign is important for phlebotomists, as it can indicate potential issues with the procedure or the patient's vascular health. While other options address various complications or conditions related to blood collection, only the presence of these small spots specifically signifies petechiae.