NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

What can result from prolonged application of a tourniquet?

1. Excessive bleeding

2. Difficulty locating a vein

3. Hemolysis

4. Both A and C

The correct answer is: Both A and C

Prolonged application of a tourniquet can lead to several complications that affect phlebotomy procedures. One significant issue is hemolysis, which occurs when red blood cells break down due to the increased pressure and restricted blood flow caused by the tourniquet. This breakdown can lead to the release of hemoglobin into the plasma and can contaminate the sample, making it unsuitable for certain tests, such as those measuring potassium levels. Additionally, prolonged application can also result in excessive bleeding post-phlebotomy. When a tourniquet is left on for too long, it can cause venous pooling and increase the venous pressure. Once the tourniquet is removed, the sudden return of blood can lead to additional blood loss from the puncture site. This is particularly important for patients who may already be at risk for bleeding complications. Together, these factors—hemolysis and excessive bleeding—underscore the importance of careful tourniquet application. It is recommended that a tourniquet be applied for no longer than one minute to minimize the risk of these complications.