NHA Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

From which area should a phlebotomist collect a specimen from a patient with edema and a hematoma?

1. Below the hematoma

2. Above the hematoma

3. The antecubital area of the right arm

4. The antecubital area of the left arm

The correct answer is: Below the hematoma

When collecting a specimen from a patient who has both edema and a hematoma, the most appropriate area to choose is below the hematoma. This decision is based on the understanding of how hematomas and edema can affect the veins in the area. A hematoma refers to a localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels, typically resulting from trauma, while edema is swelling caused by excess fluid accumulation. In these cases, veins in the area of the hematoma may be damaged or compressed, resulting in compromised blood flow or inaccurate test results. Collecting blood from below the hematoma means that you are less likely to encounter these problems, as the blood will be drawn from a site that is less affected by the potential complications from the hematoma. Additionally, collecting blood from areas of edema can also pose challenges, as swelling may obscure the veins and make them more difficult to locate, leading to potential complications like hemolysis or contamination of the sample. Therefore, selecting to collect the specimen from below the hematoma is the most appropriate choice to ensure a successful blood draw while minimizing potential issues related to the patient's current condition.